Wrench



(No Model.)

B. N. CHERRY.

WRENCH.

Patented Nov. 1, 1881.

INVENTOR flaw/MW, BY 2%? J n m WITNESSES ATTORNEY 1 Price.

PATENT RoRERr N. oH RRY, 0E JERsEY orrY, NEW JERSEY.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,003, dated November1, 1881.

Application filed September 9, 1881.

(No model.)

Jersey City, Hudson county, New Jersey, am.

the inventor ofcertain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates particularly to ratchetwrenches; and it consists ina ratchet-wrench in which the ratchet mechanism is composed ofcrown-ratchet wheels constructed and arranged to operate substantiallyas hereinafter particularly shown and described.

Figure 1 is a side view, partly in central vertical section, of aratchet-wrench embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an interior-planview ofthe same, the nut and lower ratchet-wheel being removed from the bushingto disclose the under face of the upper ratchet-wheel. Fig. 3 is a planview of the under face of the lower ratchet-wheel, and Fig. 4 is asimilar view of the upper face of the same.

In myimproved wrench, A is the stock, on the ends of which are thewrench-sockets a, as shown. Bis the bushing, and O is the handle,arranged as shown.

I) is a crown-ratchet wheel, the perimeter of one face of which has cutor otherwise formed on it the circular row of teeth (I. Thiscrownratchet wheel is formed on the stock A, or is made as a separatepiece and keyed or otherwise secured upon the stock Ain the positionshownnamely, so that it will be seated in the upper end of the bushing13 and its teeth (I willdepend into thccavityof the bushing. The teeth dare preferably cut so that when the mechanism is complete the wrenchwill operate right-handed.

E is a crown-ratchet wheel havingupon the perimeter of one of its facesa circular row of teeth, 0, formed and adapted to engage and mesh intothe teeth (I of the wheel D. The wheel E has a circular opening aboutits axis, by which it is slipped upon the stock A, as shown, with itsteeth epointing upward to meet and engage the teeth of the wheel D. Uponthe periphery ofE are formed ribs 0, preferably two in number, andarranged diametricallyopposite to each other,and these ribs entergrooves 11, cut in the inner face of the bushing B, as shown.

A coil-spring, F, is-placed under or upon the exposed face of the wheelE within the bushing, as shown, and the nut G is then screwed into thelower end of the bushing, as seen in Fig. 1. The spring F thus operatesto hold the wheel E in engagement with wheel D, and at the same time topermit the teeth to play past great or sudden strain upon the ratchetand pawls being liable to fracture or otherwise injure or disable one orboth.

The construction of the crown-ratchet wheels which I have described isthat for a righthanded wrench only; but it being desirable to have awrench which is both right and left handed, I preferably out upon theunder toothed face of the wheel 1) the left-handed deep teeth (1, whichmay be formed on the same row as the teeth (I, as shown, and are thencut wider and deeper and farther apart than the teeth d, as shown. A rowof teeth may be cut on said face within the row (I, the circle on whichthey are cuthaving a less radius than the row d, and upon the face ofthe wheel E, opposite to the face carrying the teeth 0, I cut a row ofcrowntceth, 0 adapted to mesh into and engage the teeth (1 of the wheel1). Then, to make the wrench a left-handed tool, it is simply necessaryto unscrew the nut G, remove the spring F, reverse the wheel E on thestock A, and then replace the spring and nut.

It is evidentth at my improved crown-ratchet wheels D and E areapplicable to ratchet-drills as well as to ratchet-wrenches.

I am aware that ratchet wrenches and drills have been heretoforeconstructed with crownratchet wheels held to engagement by a helicalspring as essential parts of the operatinginechanism thereof. 1 do not,therefore, claim, broadly, a wrench having such crown-ratchets andspring; butI intend to limit my claims 2. In a ratchet-wrench, thecombination, with the stock A, the bushing B, and handle 0, of 15 thecrown-ratchetwheel D, having the rows of teeth 01 and d on the same faceof said wheel, and the spring-crown-ratchet wheel E, having the rows ofteeth 0 and e on opposite faces of said wheel, and the nut G,substantially as and 20 for the purpose specified.

ROBT. N. CHERRY.

VVituesses:

A. G. N. VERMILYA, P. B. VERMILYA.

